The year 2024 has observed some drastic shifts in geopolitical relations driven by political changes, technological advancements, security concerns and economic
interests.
Charting New Directions in International Relations
Countries are refraining from being tied to a single alliance instead they prefer engaging with multiple blocs for prioritising their interests and strengthening their position.
India stands out as a prime example of this strategy. It maintains close partnership with West through the QUAD while also engaging with BRICS and the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation (SCO).This helps India to balance its relationships with the U.S., China, and Russia positioning itself as a strategic player in international
relations.
US Alliances and Impact of 2024 elections
With the return of Donald Trump as US President global alliances face growing uncertainty. Transatlantic relations could be strained due to his criticism of NATO.
In the Indo-Pacific region U.S. is expected to curb China’s influence by continuous efforts. Alliances like AUKUS (Australia, the United Kingdom, and the U.S.) and the Quad remain vital for ensuring regional security. However Trump’s unpredictable foreign policy may introduce volatility in these partnerships.
China’s Growing Global Footprint
China continues to expand its influence by bolstering strategic partnerships and counterbalancing western led alliances. The BRICS bloc has grown in 2024 by incorporating new members from the Global South further enhancing China’s influence among the emerging economies of the world.
Through its infamous Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) China is heavily investing in infrastructure projects across Africa, Latin America, and Central Asia securing both economic partnerships and geopolitical leverage.
Europe’s Push for Greater Autonomy
Europe is focusing on self reliance in the light of uncertainty posed by US policies. The importance of a cohesive defence policy throughout the continent has been highlighted by the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine. As a result, strengthening defense and securing energy independence are key priorities of the
European Union. In order to preserve its global influence post Brexit, the UK is seeking new trade and security pacts, especially with US and Australia.
Russia’s Evolving Diplomatic Strategy
Due to sanctions from the West, Russia is strengthening its relationships with the Global South. Through energy deals, defense agreements, and agricultural support, Russia is fostering closer relationships with countries in Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia.These relationships are crucial for Russia both economically and diplomatically.
Changing Dynamics in the Middle East
The Middle East is undergoing a shift in its alliances.Saudi Arabia and the UAE are carefully balancing ties with the US, China, and Russia staying flexible to protect
their interests.The recent reconciliation between Saudi Arabia and Iran facilitated by China highlights a shift where regional powers are taking charge of their own
diplomatic paths. At the same time, the Abraham Accords are fostering cooperation between Israel and several Arab nations, despite the ongoing challenges.
The Role of Technology in Geopolitics
Countries are collaborating to secure supply chains, protect vital infrastructure, and improve technological standards. However the growing divide between digital
democracies and authoritarian regimes is reshaping global power dynamics with technology emerging as a decisive factor in international relations.
Conclusion
The geopolitical shifts of 2024 are shaping a world where flexibility and adaptability are indispensable.Nations around the globe have redefined their partnerships for strategic flexibility amidst the complex geopolitical landscape to safeguard their interests.
Author: Ms.Aashna Gupta, Student Economics honors with Political Science, Motilal Nehru College, University of Delhi
Disclaimer – The views and opinions expressed in the commentaries/blogs/articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Forum for Global Studies.